Common Data Set 2022-2023
CDS Definitions Page 29
Cooperative housing: College-owned, -operated, or -affiliated housing in which students share room and board expenses and participate in
household chores to reduce living expenses.
*Counseling service: Activities designed to assist students in making plans and decisions related to their education, career, or personal
development.
Credit: Recognition of attendance or performance in an instructional activity (course or program) that can be applied by a recipient toward the
requirements for a degree, diploma, certificate, or recognized postsecondary credential.
Credit course: A course that, if successfully completed, can be applied toward the number of courses required for achieving a degree, diploma,
certificate, or other recognized postsecondary credential.
Credit hour : A unit of measure representing an hour (50 minutes) of instruction over a 15-week period in a semester or trimester system or a 10-
week period in a quarter system. It is applied toward the total number of hours needed for completing the requirements of a degree, diploma,
certificate, or recognized postsecondary credential.
Cross-r egistration: A system whereby students enrolled at one institution may take courses at another institution without having to apply to the
second institution.
Defer r ed admission: The pract ice of permitting admitted s tudents to post pone enrollment, usually f or a period of one academic term or one y ear.
Degree: An award conferred by a college, university, or other postsecondary education institution as official recognition for the successful
completion of a program of studies.
Degree-seeking students: Students enrolled in courses for credit who are recognized by the institution as seeking a degree or recognized
postsecondary credential. At the undergraduate level, this is intended to include students enrolled in vocational or occupational programs.
Differ s by program (calendar system): A calendar system classification that is used by institutions that have occupational/vocational programs
of varying length. Thes e schools may enroll students at specific times depending on the program desired. For example, a school might offer a two-
mont h program in J anuary, March, May, Sept ember, and November; and a t hree-month program in J anuary, April, and Oct ober.
Diploma: See Postsecondary award, certificate, or diploma.
Distance learning: An option for earning course credit at off-campus locations via cable television, internet, satellite classes, videotapes,
correspondence courses, or other means.
Doctor’s degree-resear ch/scholar ship: A Ph.D. or other doctor's degree that requires advanced work beyond the mast er’s level, including the
preparation and defense of a dissertation based on original research, or the planning and execution of an original project demonstrating
substantial artistic or scholarly achievement. Some examples of this type of degree may include Ed.D., D.M.A. , D. B.A., D. Sc. , D.A., or D. M, and
others, as designated by the awarding institution.
Doctor’s degree-pr ofessi onal pr acti ce: A doctor’s degree that is conferred upon completion of a program providing the knowledge and skills for
the recognition, credential, or license required for professional practice. The degree is awarded after a period of study such that the total time to
the degree, including both pre-professional and professional preparation, equals at least six full-time equivalent academic years. Some of these
degrees were formerly classified as “first-professional” and may include: Chiropractic (D.C. or D. C. M.); Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M. D. ); Law (L.L.B. or
J.D.); Medic ine (M.D.); Optometry (O.D.); Osteopathic Medic ine (D.O); Pharmacy (Pharm.D.); Podiatry (D.P.M., Pod.D., D.P.); or, Veterinary
Medic ine (D.V. M.), and others, as des ignat ed by t he awarding inst itution.
Doctor’s degree-other : A doctor’s degree that does not meet the definition of a doctor’s degree - research/scholarship or a doctor’s degree -
professional practice.
Double major : Program in which students may complete two undergraduate programs of study simultaneously.
Dual enrollment: A program through which high school students may enroll in college courses while still enrolled in high school. Students are not
required to apply for admission to the college in order to participate.
Early action plan: An admission plan that allows students to apply and be notified of an admission decision well in advance of the regular
notification dates. If admitted, the candidate is not committed to enroll; the student may reply to the offer under the college’s regular reply policy.
Early admission: A policy under which students who have not completed high school are admitted and enroll full time in college, usually after
completion of their junior year.
Early decisi on pl an: A plan that permits students to apply and be notified of an admission decision (and financial aid offer if applicable) well in
advance of the regular notification date. Applicants agree to accept an offer of admission and, if admitted, to withdraw their applications from
other colleges. There are three possible decisions for early decision applicants: admitted, denied, or not admitted but forwarded for consideration
with the regular applicant pool, without prejudic e.
English as a Second Language (ESL): A course of study designed specifically for students whose native language is not English.
Exchange student progr am-domestic: Any arrangement between a student and a college that permits study for a semester or more at another
college in the United States wit hout ext ending t he amount of time required for a degree. See also Study abroad.
External degree pr ogram: A program of study in whic h students earn credits toward a degree through independent study, college courses,
proficiency examinations, and personal experience. External degree programs require minimal or no classroom attendance.
Extracurricular activities (as admission factor): Special consideration in the admissions process given for participation in both school and
nonschool-related activities of interest to the college, such as clubs, hobbies, student government, athletics, performing arts, etc.
First-ti me student: A student attending any institution for the first time at the level enrolled. Includes students enrolled in the fall term who
attended a postsecondary institution for the first time at the same level in the prior summer term. Also includes students who entered with
advanced standing (college credit earned before graduation from high school).
First-ti me, first-year student: A student attending any institution for the first time at the undergraduate level. Includes students enrolled in the
fall term who attended college for the first time in the prior summer term. Also includes students who entered with advanced standing (college
credits earned before graduation from high school).
First-year student: A student who has completed less than the equivalent of 1 full year of undergraduate work; that is, less than 30 semester
hours (in a 120-hour degree program) or less than 900 clock hours.