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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The impeachment inquiry into Donald J. Trump, the 45th President of the United States,
uncovered a months-long effort by President Trump to use the powers of his office to solicit
foreign interference on his behalf in the 2020 election. As described in this executive summary
and the report that follows, President Trump’s scheme subverted U.S. foreign policy toward
Ukraine and undermined our national security in favor of two politically motivated investigations
that would help his presidential reelection campaign. The President demanded that the newly-
elected Ukrainian president, Volodymyr Zelensky, publicly announce investigations into a
political rival that he apparently feared the most, former Vice President Joe Biden, and into a
discredited theory that it was Ukraine, not Russia, that interfered in the 2016 presidential
election. To compel the Ukrainian President to do his political bidding, President Trump
conditioned two official acts on the public announcement of the investigations: a coveted White
House visit and critical U.S. military assistance Ukraine needed to fight its Russian adversary.
During a July 25, 2019, call between President Trump and President Zelensky, President
Zelensky expressed gratitude for U.S. military assistance. President Trump immediately
responded by asking President Zelensky to “do us a favor though” and openly pressed for
Ukraine to investigate former Vice President Biden and the 2016 conspiracy theory. In turn,
President Zelensky assured President Trump that he would pursue the investigation and
reiterated his interest in the White House meeting. Although President Trump’s scheme
intentionally bypassed many career personnel, it was undertaken with the knowledge and
approval of senior Administration officials, including the President’s Acting Chief of Staff Mick
Mulvaney, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, and Secretary of Energy Rick Perry. In fact, at a
press conference weeks after public revelations about the scheme, Mr. Mulvaney publicly
acknowledged that the President directly tied the hold on military aid to his desire to get Ukraine
to conduct a political investigation, telling Americans to “get over it.”
President Trump and his senior officials may see nothing wrong with using the power of
the Office of the President to pressure a foreign country to help the President’s reelection
campaign. Indeed, President Trump continues to encourage Ukraine and other foreign countries
to engage in the same kind of election interference today. However, the Founding Fathers
prescribed a remedy for a chief executive who places his personal interests above those of the
country: impeachment. Accordingly, as part of the House of Representatives’ impeachment
inquiry, the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, in coordination with the Committees
on Oversight and Reform and Foreign Affairs, were compelled to undertake a serious, sober, and
expeditious investigation into whether the President’s misconduct warrants that remedy.
In response, President Trump engaged in an unprecedented campaign of obstruction of
this impeachment inquiry. Nevertheless, due in large measure to patriotic and courageous public
servants who provided the Committees with direct evidence of the President’s actions, the
Committees uncovered significant misconduct on the part of the President of the United States.
As required under House Resolution 660, the Intelligence Committee, in consultation with the
Committees on Oversight and Reform and Foreign Affairs, has prepared this report to detail the
evidence uncovered to date, which will now be transmitted to the Judiciary Committee for its
consideration.