PowerPoint Presentation

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN

OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS

IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY:

A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Topic

Karthikeyan Baskar

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Source:

• Annual report on Road Accident Deaths in India, 2019.

• Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Road Accidents in India 2016.

• GLOBAL STATUS REPORT ON ROAD SAFETY 2018.

2. How children's friendly are our

streets?

 31 children die in road crashes in India

everyday. As per annual report on Road

Accident Deaths in India, 2019.

1. How pedestrian friendly are our

streets?

 Each year more than one fifth of the people

killed on the road Accidents.

 In India 10% of road death are pedestrian.

3. Nearly one third of all daily

trips in New Delhi are made on

foot.

 Though pedestrians and public transport

users together form the largest group of road

users, pedestrians have the largest share in

road traffic fatalities, varying between 45%

and 51%

Importance: Need of Research

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

INDIA

TAMIL NADU

Chennai

Greater Chennai

Corporation - GCC

Coordinates:

13°5’N 80°16’E

Elevation : 6m (20 ft.)

Area : 426 Sq. km2

Population : 56 Lakhs

(333 Gross density Persons/hectare)

Source: Chennai Master plan 2026

2022

City Overview

City Level

Critical Analysis of Pedestrian Accidents

Using cities past five years Accidents.

• Fatal Accidents (2017 -2021)

• Victim and Accusers Analysis

Spatial distribution of pedestrian accidents

 Specific Accused vehicle

 Working days & Weekends

 Age-wise Analysis

 Peak and off-peak hours

Chennai stands First with

9.1% of total road accidents

reported in 53 mega cities followed by Delhi

City (8.1%)

Chennai stands second in

road accident

fatalities

, with

998 deaths, among the metro

cities, following Delhi.

Why

Chennai ?

As per CMP 2019, in Chennai, 95%

of surveyed roads lack requisite

pedestrian facilities.

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

1312

1269

1229

855

974

444

423

416

210

268

500

1000

1500

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Fatal Accidents Pedestrian Fatals

Legend

Comparison of Fatal and pedestrian fatal

Inferences:

• Chennai stands second with regard to fatal accidents only behind the national capital Delhi.

• The 1/3 of the total fatal accidents are pedestrian fatals in Chennai.

• Since 2020’s pedestrian fatal accidents has resisted around 25% may be because of Covid 19 Lockdowns.

• In 2021 its 28%, even though City unlocked in 2021, still Schools, Colleges and IT Companies are in online

mode.

• It is observed that the City is highly vulnerable for pedestrians.

2017

2018

2019

2021

2020

Percentage of

pedestrian fatal (%)

2017

34%

2018

33%

2019

34%

2020

25%

2021

28%

Sources: Author

Source: Traffic wing, Chennai

Commissioner office.

Fatal Accidents – Categorized by Type of Accidents

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Sankey Diagram represents the Accused Vehicle and Victim Vehicle

Accused Vehicle

Victim Vehicle

Accidents (2017 -21)

Pedestrian Accidents (2017 -21)

Fatal

Pedestrian Victims

Accused Vehicle

Sources: Author

Sankey Diagram represents the Pedestrian Accused

Victim and Accusing Vehicle Analysis

Total No. - 31606

Total No. - 8642

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Victim

Vehicle

Accusing

Vehicle

Inferences:

The two-wheeler has

the maximum mode

share of nearly 30%.

Where else the two-

wheeler victim in the

road accidents are

53%.

The pedestrian is

second highest mode

share od 25%. Where

the accident are 27%

and fatality rate is

31%. Pedestrians are

highly vulnerable in

roads. Almost 95% of

pedestrian accidents

are converted to

fatal.

Looking at Accusing

vehicle two-wheeler

has maximum and

next car and bus.

Interestingly bus has

the maximum fatal

accidents then car.

Comparison of Mode Share, Road Accidents and Fatal Accidents

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Accusing : Two-wheeler

Victim : Pedestrian

Accusing : Car

Victim : Pedestrian

Accusing : Bus

Victim : Pedestrian

Accusing : Auto

Victim : Pedestrian

IT Corridor IT Corridor

Koyambedu Partial

Cloverleaf Interchange

Koyambedu Partial

Cloverleaf Interchange

Koyambedu Partial

Cloverleaf Interchange

Old Town &

Bazar

Old Town &

Bazar

No . of Accidents - 4255 Nos. No . of Accidents - 1921 Nos. No . of Accidents - 695 Nos. No . of Accidents - 443 Nos.

Inferences:

The Koyambedu partial

cover leaf interchange is

observed as highly critical

area for Two-wheeler, car

& Bus hitting the

pedestrians.

The OMR road which

leads to Pondicherry has

witnessed high number

of pedestrian accidents

because of Two-wheeler

& Car. This is an IT

Corridor and consists of

Bar and pubs.

The old town has

maximum number of

Auto hits pedestrian

Accidents.

Sources: AuthorSources: AuthorSources: AuthorSources: Author

Spatial distribution of Pedestrian road accidents related to specific Pedestrian Accusers

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Inferences:

The peak hours of

morning from 9 -11AM

and evening 5-7 PM

witnessed maximum

number of accidents.

In weekends the

accident is gradually

increasing in forenoon

and attain peak at 7PM.

Out of all, the maximum

accident happened on

Sunday 7pm.

Sources: Author

Hourly distribution of Pedestrian road accidents by working days, weekend days

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

09:01 - 11:00 11:01 - 17:00 17:01 - 19:00 19:01 – 06:00

IT Corridor IT Corridor

Koyambedu Partial

Cloverleaf Interchange

Major entry point.

Koyambedu Partial

Cloverleaf Interchange

Major entry point.

06:01 - 09:00

Koyambedu Partial

Cloverleaf Interchange

Major entry point.

999 Nos. 3130 Nos.

1106 Nos.

2213 Nos.1198 Nos.

OFF PEAK HOURS PEAK HOURS PEAK HOURSOFF PEAK HOURS

NO DAY LIGHT HOURS

IT CorridorIT Corridor

Spatial distribution of Pedestrian road accidents related to specific period of time

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Sankey Diagram represents the Accused Vehicle and Cause of Accident

Accusing Vehicle

Cause of Accident

Pedestrian Accidents (2017 -21) Total No. -

8642

Over Speed Rash Driving

Careless Driving

Sources: Author

Spatial distribution of Pedestrian road accidents related to SPECIFIC CAUSE

Accusing : Auto

Victim : Pedestrian

Over Speed

Old Town

& Bazar

Old Town

& Bazar

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Inferences:

 The fatality rate is high

in Children and Senior

citizen category.

 High injured accidents

spotted in Older Adult

category,

Comparatively they

have less amount of

fatal rate.

 Out of all young Adult

category has less

fatality rate.

 The children and

senior citizen are

highly vulnerable in

terms of fatality and

senior adults are

vulnerable in terms of

Accidents.

Age wise distribution of Pedestrian road accidents by Injured, Fatal & Total Accidents

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Inferences:

After analyzing all the city

level accident data. The

findings from analysis are

used to delineate the

neighborhood.

Ward wise Pedestrian

Accidents Map

Pedestrian Accident hotspot Map Other parameters considered for

delineation of Neighbourhoods

Delineation of Neighborhood

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Intersection and Street Assessed Pedestrian Accidents Hotspots

Not suitable for

pedestrian

Poor pedestrian

condition

Basic pedestrian

condition

Reasonable

pedestrian

condition

• Introducing TACTICAL URBANISM in intersection redesign.

• Having potential to incorporate SUPER BLOCK model to enhance Neighborhood

Walkability.

• Introduce STREET TRAFFIC CALMING FEATURES to address Over speed and Rash

driving.

Super block

example

Neighborhood Analysis

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Pedestrian Accident Hotspots

IT Corridor

Issues

Recommendations

Koyambedu Partial

Cloverleaf Interchange

Major entry point.

Old town & Bazar area.

Vulnerable in terms of

• Auto hitting pedestrian

• During morning peak hours.

• Because of Narrow streets and bazar area.

• Incorporate SUPER BLOCK model to enhance

Neighborhood Walkability.

Koyambedu Partial Cloverleaf Interchange.

Vulnerable in terms of

• Two-wheeler & Car hitting pedestrian

• During morning peak hours.

• Because of Over speeding

Develop a Strategical intervention to address the

site specific issues.

The interventions Such as

• Introducing TACTICAL URBANISM in intersection

redesign.

OMR Road.

Vulnerable in terms of

• Two-wheeler & Car hitting pedestrian

• During evening peak hours.

• Because of Over speed and rash driving.

• Due to drunk and drive.

• Introduce STREET TRAFFIC CALMING FEATURES to

address Over speed and Rash driving.

Street median, Speed tables/bumps , Chicanes & Rubble strips

Address the pedestrian road safety

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PEDESTRIAN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN A SOUTH ASIAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF CHENNAI

Existing Intersection

• Wide Unorganized Junctions.

Allows vehicle to turn at high speed, leading

to frequent crashes.

• Inadequate pedestrian infrastructure

• Wrong side driving

Increases pedestrian Vulnerability

Haphazard parking

• Haphazard parking

Leads to wrong side driving

Proposed Design

• Defining Available Right of way

• Defining Centerline

• Adequate Carriage way leads to

streamlined traffic.

7.2m wide two lane carriage way on both

side.

• Designated Cycle lane.

1.8m wide on both side.

• Sidewalk.

2.4m wide on both side.

• Vibrant intersection with Tactical

measures

• Trees/ Natural shade

Table top Crossing

Table top Crossing ; as a

traffic calming features.

Coloured patterns ;used as means of

traffic calming measure to slow down

traffic at the Intersection

Reclamation of pedestrian Space;

Creation of Bulb outs using

geometric shapes that can be

painted in short time during tactical

urbanism event

Trees; to improve the

shading in intersection.

Street lights

• Proposed Elements

 Reclamation of pedestrian space

 Avenue trees

 Table top crossings

 Street lights

 Geometric patterns

 Curb cuts

Curb cut ; as a Universal

design

• Pedestrian Crossing

Prototype Intersection

Redesign

Key Plan

THANK YOU

• Pedestrians are highly vulnerable in terms of road accidents in Chennai.

Out of the total, 35% of fatal accidents are pedestrian fatal.

• This research analyzed the accident reports temporally and established a methodology for

highlighting the infrastructure gap

• Further research can develop a dashboard for the city to observe and analyze the road accident

data spatially.

Findings and Learnings

Karthikeyan Baskar