relations, as well as the rules governing these relations, many of which are at the expense of
developing countries.
5. The Heads of State and Government reaffirmed that the Movement will remain guided in
its endeavours by its Founding Principles, the principles enshrined in the Declaration on the
Purposes and Principles and the Role of the Non-Aligned Movement in the Present
International Juncture adopted in the 14
th
NAM Summit in Havana, the UN Charter and
international law. To this end, the Movement will continue to uphold the principles of
sovereignty and the sovereign equality of States, territorial integrity and non-intervention in
the internal affairs of any State; take effective measures for the suppression of acts of
aggression or other breaches of peace, to defend, promote and encourage the settlement of
international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and
security, and justice, are not endangered; refrain in international relations from the threat or
use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State or in any
other manner inconsistent with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter; develop
friendly relations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and the self-determination
of peoples in their struggle against foreign occupation; achieve international cooperation
based on solidarity among peoples and governments in solving international problems of a
political, economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character; and promote and encourage the
respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex,
language or religion.
6. The Heads of State and Government noted that the existing, new and emerging threats
and challenges, including the multiple inter-related and mutually reinforcing current global
crises, continue to impede efforts by States to attain greater economic development and social
progress, peace and security, and enjoyment of human rights and the rule of law. Global
peace and security continue to elude humankind as a result of, inter alia, increasing tendency
by certain States to resort to unilateralism and unilaterally imposed measures, non-fulfilment
of the commitments and obligations assumed under the relevant international legally binding
instruments especially on weapons of mass destruction and conventional weapons treaties,
terrorism, conflicts, violations of human rights and international humanitarian law, the use of
double standards in international relations, the continuing failure and unwillingness of the
majority of the developed countries to fulfil their commitments in the economic and social
fields. They underscored the need for the international community to collectively redress these
situations in accordance with the UN Charter and the principles of international law.
7. Globalisation continues to present opportunities, challenges and risks to the future and
viability of developing countries. The process of globalisation and trade liberalisation has
produced uneven benefits among and within States and that the global economy has been
characterised by slow and lopsided growth and instability. Furthermore, it has made the
developing countries more vulnerable to the adverse impact of the financial and economic
crises, climate change, food crisis and energy prices volatility. In its present form,
globalisation perpetuates or even increases the marginalisation of developing countries.
Therefore, globalisation must be transformed into a positive force for change for all peoples,
benefiting all countries, and contributing to the prosperity and empowerment of developing
countries, not their continued impoverishment and dependence on the developed world. In
addition, greater efforts must be made to generate a global strategy to prioritise the
development dimension into global processes, and in the relevant multilateral institutions in
order to enable developing countries to benefit from the opportunities offered by globalisation
and trade liberalisation, including through the creation of an enabling external economic
environment for development which requires greater coherence between the international
trading, monetary and financial systems that should be universal, open, equitable, non-
coercive, rule-based, predictable and non-discriminatory.
8. The revolution in information and communication technologies continue to change the
world at a rapid speed and in a fundamental way, and has created a vast and widening digital
divide between the developed and developing countries, which must be bridged if the latter are
to benefit from the globalisation process. These new technological innovations must be made
more easily available to developing countries in their efforts to modernise and revitalise their
economies in pursuit of their developmental goals and well being of their populations. In this
context, the achievement of these goals requires an enabling international environment and
the honouring of commitments and pledges made by States, in particular the developed world.