HISTORIC DENVER NEWS
HISTORIC DENVER INC.
8
MOLLY BROWN
HOUSE MUSEUM
NEW NATIONAL VOTES FOR WOMEN
TRAIL MARKER AT THE MOLLY BROWN
HOUSE MUSEUM
D
uring her summer 1914 campaign for U.S. Senate, Margaret Brown
remarked to a reporter that, “Our men out in Colorado do not question
our right to vote. They realize our right to have a speaking part in the
affairs of the country in which we, as well as they, must live.” Margaret
Brown’s firm belief in the right to access the ballot was shared by scores
of women involved in state-by-state and national suffrage battles to enfranchise half of
the population. Today we acknowledge that, while the 19th Amendment did finally give
women the right to vote, women of color were still denied access well into the 1960s.
And today we still see restrictive voting bills continuing to be passed and access to the
polls difficult at best for segments of the population.
This National Votes for Women Trail Marker, made possible by the National
Collaborative for Women’s History Sites and the William G. Pomeroy Foundation, not
only honors Margaret Brown’s contribution to equality and representation, it puts Denver
on the map as a state pivotal to achieving the
passage of the 19th amendment. This marker
can also remind each and every visitor and
passerby that there is still work to be done and
we cannot take our American democracy for
granted. Margaret Brown can inspire us all to
participate in civic life when she says, “I believe
that to be happy one must serve humanity.”
Sponsored by the National Collaborative
for Women’s History Sites, the National Votes
for Women Trail, as stated on their website,
seeks to recognize and celebrate the enormous
diversity of people and groups active in the
struggle for women’s suffrage. The Trail consists
of a database with digital map and a program
of historical markers for about 250 women’s
suffrage sites across the country, funded by
the William G. Pomeroy Foundation and
the federal Women’s Suffrage Centennial
Commission.
Since 2006, when Bill Pomeroy established
the Foundation’s first marker program, they
have awarded more than 1,400 grants for
roadside markers and plaques nationwide to
help educate the public, encourage pride of
place, and promote historic tourism. Deryn
Pomeroy, Trustee at The William G. Pomeroy
Foundation shared that:
“Denver joins a select group from across the
United States with Pomeroy Foundation funded
markers. These markers are well-researched
with primary sources reviewed by professional
historians. That is what sets your marker apart
and makes it the gold standard of historic
markers. The Pomeroy Foundation is proud
to help you preserve the legacy of women’s
suffrage in Colorado. We know this marker will ensure the contributions and legacy of
Molly Brown will be celebrated for generations to come.”
Through crowd-sourcing, the database and digital map collects sites from all over
our country to tell the story of suffrage for all women, of all ethnicities, classes, and
geographic areas, from the colonial period to the present. The National Votes for Women
Trail currently has over 2,100 sites on its database. In partnership with The William
G. Pomeroy Foundation and the federal Women’s Suffrage Centennial Commission,
the National Votes for Women Trail also promotes a program of historical markers to
commemorate the people, places, and events important to passage of the Nineteenth
amendment in 1920. These markers are based on extensive research in primary sources
and represent the diversity of places, events, and people of the suffrage struggle.
During the summer of 1914, suffrage leaders, including Brown, gathered from across
the U.S. for a “Conference of Great Women,” held at the Newport, RI home of Alva
Belmont. Notable leaders in social reform attended, including Senator Helen Robinson
from Colorado, who stayed with Brown, and the Duchess of Marlborough, Belmont’s
daughter. Brown hosted several events and speeches by friend Judge Ben Lindsey.
Competing approaches split suffragists between the National American Women’s
Suffrage Association (NAWSA) and the Congressional Union (CU). Alice Paul and Lucy
Burns’ CU followed the British approach to “punish the party in power” by ousting all
Democrats in the forthcoming election for not supporting suffrage. Coupled with CU
meetings, the “Marble House” conference solidified the decision to agitate for a
constitutional amendment by flipping congressional seats. Despite Colorado Senator
Charles Thomas being pro-suffrage, he served as chairman of the Committee on Woman
Suffrage, this “punish the party in power” tactic meant that as a Democrat his seat too
was being eyed by the CU.
One appealing candidate came to many minds, Mrs. James J. Brown of Denver.
Brown had been in the news all spring of 1914 for her offer to lead a regiment of fighting
women in the impending war with Mexico, then for responding to the miner’s strike that
had turned deadly in southern Colorado. CU leaders and friends Judge Lindsey, Senator
Robinson, and Belmont, as well as many in Colorado, New York, and Rhode Island
supported her run for Senate.
Brown campaigned on the mine labor issues and a need for improved conditions and
better pay. When asked if she could win as a woman candidate, Brown stated, “If I go into
this fight I am going to win. There will be no mincing matters- no pink tea policies. It will
be a regular man’s kind of campaign, stump speaking, spread-eagle and all.”
Ultimately, Brown dropped her bid in the
fall of 1914. With the Bristow-Mondell and
Shafroth-Palmer bills up for vote, she decided
to not upset the applecart back in Colorado.
And, with the onset of World War I, her desire
to aid the Red Cross became undeniable, so she
volunteered for the Ambulance Corps in France.
Brown’s Senate run and direct involvement in
Marble House and the Congressional Union
meetings demonstrate the role western women
played in the passage of the 19th Amendment.
For the Votes for Women Trail, each state
has a coordinator who works with local people
to research sites significant to the story of
women’s suffrage at the national or statewide
level. Markers represent the geographic, ethnic,
class, religious, and gender diversity of the
suffrage movement in each state. All marker
nominations must be approved by coordinators
for each state, by the National Votes for Women
Trail’s scholarly advisory committee, and by the
Pomeroy Foundation. Here in Colorado, that
post is being filled by Jillian Allison, Director
of the Center for Colorado Women’s History
who also served on the Colorado Centennial
Vote Commission, created by outgoing
Governor John Hickenlooper and Lieutenant
Governor Donna Lynne in advance of 2020
commemorations.
Anchoring the story of women’s suffrage in
specific historic sites brings to life the enormous
grassroots commitment all across this country
to voting rights for women as citizens of the
United States. Women’s suffrage was indeed a
national struggle, part of the ongoing struggle
for voting rights for all U.S. citizens, including
African Americans, Asian Americans, Latinos/as, indigenous people, people from farms
as well as cities, rich as well as middle class and working class, people of all religions,
men as well as women. By honoring the work of hundreds of thousands of participants
in the movement for women’s suffrage, this project shows how social change happens
through citizen action and inspires future generations to treasure their right to vote.
=
LEARN MORE
Information about the National Votes for Women Trail was pulled
from the National Collaborative for Women’s History Sites website
which you can explore here: ncwhs.org/votes-for-women-trail-2/
Learn more about the William G. Pomeroy Foundation’s national
historic marker program here: wgpfoundation.org/
Museum Director Andrea Malcomb, Historic Denver Board Chair Stockton Baker, Long-serving
volunteer Pamela Mahonchak, and Executive Director Annie Levinsky.